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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์„ค๊ณ„

[๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์„ค๊ณ„] 2-1 attribute, ์Šคํ‚ค๋งˆ

by ์ ผ์ ผ39 2024. 11. 10.
Attribute / Column
์†์„ฑ
๊ฐ ์†์„ฑ(attribute) ์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ attribute์˜ domain์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•จ
//ID ์†์„ฑ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ (DID)… name ์†์„ฑ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ (Dname)… ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋‹ค ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ž„
//  ID๊ฐ€ 5์ž๋ฆฌ ์ˆซ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด, DID = 00000~99999
 
//๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ = ๊ฐ ์ปฌ๋Ÿผ๋ณ„ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ์„ ์ „๋ถ€ ์นดํ‹ฐ์…˜ ๊ณฑ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ง‘ํ•ฉ. (์‹ค์„ธ๊ณ„, ๋งž๋Š”์กฐํ•ฉ๋“ค๋งŒ ๋ฝ‘์€๊ฑฐst)
           = ํŠœํ”Œ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ. (= 4๊ฐœ์˜ ์ปฌ๋Ÿผ์ด๋ฉด 4-tuple ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ, set)
 
* RDB์˜ ์ œ 1 ์ •๊ทœํ˜• (1NF) : ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ์†์„ฑ์˜ ์†์„ฑ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์›์ž๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ
์†์„ฑ(attribute)์˜ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์€ atomic (๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”, ๋‹จ์ผ๊ฐ’)
--> ์ž„์˜์˜ column๊ณผ row๊ฐ€ ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์ ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ’ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ atomicํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ
//๊ฒธ์ž„๊ต์ˆ˜๋ผ์„œ ( 0, 0) ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋จ = list, set, array๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋จ
-->  RDB์˜ ์š”๊ฑด ์ œ 1 ์ •๊ทœํ˜•์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด RELATIONAL ๋ชจ๋ธํ˜•์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
 
ํŠน์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’ null์€ ๋ชจ๋“  domain์˜ ๋ฉค๋ฒ„์ž„ : ๊ฐ’์ด “unknown”์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋จ
-      ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ
-      ํ•ด๋‹น ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์—†์„ ๋•Œ (ex. ํ•™๊ณผ์— ์†Œ์†๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ต์ˆ˜)
-      ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ •ํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ (ex. ์„ฑ์ )
๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ์Šคํ‚ค๋งˆ Database Schema = ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ
Database Instance = ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์ ์— ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ’, ์Šค๋ƒ…์ƒท
 
schema : instructor (ID, name, dept_name, salary)  //ํ‘œ ์œ—๋ถ€๋ถ„
instance : ๊ฐ’๋“ค… //ํ‘œ ์•„๋žซ๋ถ€๋ถ„